本試卷共8頁(yè)；滿分100分；考試時(shí)間為150分鐘。全部題目用英語(yǔ)作答。

I. Supply the missing paragraph (20 points)

The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph of about 100 words. Make sure that the tone and vocabulary you use are in unity with the passage provided.

Childhood Fears

I remember my childhood as being generally happy and can recall experiencing some of the most carefree times of my life. But I can also remember, even more vividly, moments of being deeply frightened. As a child, I was truly terrified of the dark, of getting lost, and of not being liked by others. These fears were very real and caused me some extremely uncomfortable moments.

Maybe it was the strange way things looked and sounded in my familiar room at night that scared me so much. There was never total darkness, but a streetlight or passing car lights made clothes hung over a chair take on the shape of an unknown beast. Out of the corner of my eye, I saw that the curtains seemed to move when there was no breeze. A tiny crack in the floor would sound a hundred times louder than in the daylight, and my imagination would take over, creating burglars and monsters. Darkness always made me feel so helpless, too. My heart would pound, and I would lie very still so that the “enemy”                                               

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    Perhaps one of the worst fears I had as a child was that of not being liked by others. First of all, I was quite shy. Second, I worried constantly about my book, thinking people wouldn’t like me because I was too fat or wore braces. I tried to wear the “right” clothes and even had intense arguments with my mother over the importance of wearing the “flats” instead of saddle shoes to school. Being popular was so important to me then, and the fear of no being liked was a powerful one.

    One of the processes of evolving from a child to an adult is being able to recognize and out grow our fears. I’ve learned that darkness does not have to take on a life of its own, that others can help me when I’m lost, and that friendliness and sincerity will encourage people to like me. Understanding the things that scared us as children helps us to cope with our lives as adults.

II. Write an outline (20 points)

   Read the following passage carefully and compose a “sentence outline” for it.

The Changing Workweek

In the early 1900s in the U.S.A., workers in large industries worked long days and long weeks. It was not uncommon for workers in the meat-packing companies of Chicago, for example, to work twelve to fourteen hours, for six or seven days a week. As unions started exerting their influence, however, the working conditions of American workers began improving, and the workweek was gradually shortened. Today, workers have workweek opinions that were unheard of earlier in the last century.

    The five day workweek has become commonplace in American industries. However, he four-day workweek is becoming even more popular. Mary workers prefer four tea-hour days. This gives them longer working days, but it also gives them three-day weekends, an unheard-of luxury even twenty years ago. Management isn’t complaining since the same amount of work gets accomplished, and in some cases a plant can be totally shut down on the fifth day, saving the company thousands of dollars in utilities.

    Another change in the workweek is the variable hours option. While American workers have traditionally worked either day or night shifts, some companies are allowing workers to set their own hours within the workweek. Flexible schedules are becoming more common in metropolitan areas with commuter-time traffic problems and in industries that are open around the clock. The advantage to the workers is that they can plan their hours around the days of their families. For example, a husband who takes each afternoon off could babysit the children while his wife works. The variable hours schedule also motivates workers because the company is letting them control their own time.

    A third change in the workweek over the past twenty years is the use of overtime. While most workers do not have to work beyond a forty-hour week, many companies will pay them time and a half to do so. Although this is more expensive for the company, it is still cheaper than having to hire additional workers and providing benefits. On traditional nonworking days such as holidays, workers are often paid double-time or more to work. Overtime pay allows companies to meet their production needs without exploiting the workers. It allows workers to make extra money at a higher rate than they normally work for. Although overtime work often represents a return to longer working days and weeks, it is done on a voluntary basis and is usually negotiated willingly by the workers.

    What does the future hold for American workers? As modern technology turns more and more wok to machines, the typical workweek may continue to shrink. Some companies have already gone to the thirty-five-hour week, and in the 21^st century, the thirty-five-hour week may be standard. Within twenty years, the great advantage to shorter workweeks is that workers have more time off to themselves. However, given the financial demands upon American families in the future, it may also become common for workers to hold down two full-time jobs at one time. Given the American work ethic, most workers will probably fill their free time with more work instead of more leisure.

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III. Compose an essay (60 points)

Many technological innovations have been “double-edged swords” with positive and negative effects on society at large. The automobile is one of such innovations. What do you think is the overall impact of automobiles on society? Write an expository essay( about 300 words) expressing your views on it.

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2003年下半年高等教育自學(xué)考試全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題考試

英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作試題參考答案及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

I.Supply the missing paragraph  (20分)

  Another of my childhood fears was that I would get lost. When all the buses were lined up along the curb, I was terrified that I’d get on the wrong one. I would scan the bus for the faces of my friends, make sure the bus driver was the same one that had been there in the morning, and even then ask the others over and over again to be sure I was on the right bus. On school or family trips I wouldn’t let the leaders out of my sight. And of course, I was never very adventurous when it came to taking walks or hikes, because I would go only where I was sure I could never get lost.

[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]

1．第一部分滿分20 分， 按四個(gè)檔次給分。其中12分為該部分的及格分，需要慎重把握。

2．提供的答案僅供參考。如果考生的回答與參考答案意思相近，或思路新穎，且有創(chuàng)見(jiàn)，即使在整體上不夠全面，也應(yīng)酌情給高分，但不得超過(guò)該題最高分值。如果考生的答案與參考答案不完全吻合，但上下一致，語(yǔ)氣連貫，條理清晰，應(yīng)按正確答案給分。

3．寫(xiě)作的用詞量如果不符合要求，應(yīng)酌情減分。

4．答題中的拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤可以每四個(gè)扣1分，但不重復(fù)扣分。

5．分值不得出現(xiàn)０.５分。

第一檔：２０——１７分

上下連貫，意思完整，語(yǔ)言通順，表達(dá)清楚，很少有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤。

第二檔：１６——１２分

　　上下基本連貫，語(yǔ)言基本通順，表達(dá)較清楚，少有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤。

第三檔：１１——８分

上下不連貫，語(yǔ)言不通順，表達(dá)不清楚，有較多語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤。

第四檔：７——０分

　　上下不連貫，語(yǔ)言不通順，表達(dá)不清楚，有大量語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤。

II．Write an outline (20分)

1.      Introduction: The working conditions of American workers have been improved.

A.     American workers used to work long days and long weeks.

B.     Unions improved the working conditions of American workers.

C.     Thesis: Today, American workers have workweek options that were unheard of earlier in the last century.

2.      There have been changes in the American workweek.

A.     American workers now have a shorter workweek.

B.     American workers now have variable hours options.

C.     Both management and workers benefit from the use of overtime.

3.      What does the future hold for American workers?

A.     The typical workweek may continue to shrink.

B.     They will have more free time to themselves.

C.     Under the financial pressure and given the work ethic, many workers may have two jobs instead of more leisure.

［評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)］

１．第二部分滿分為２０分，按四個(gè)檔次給分。其中１２分為該部分的及格分，需要慎重把握。

２．考生只能按題型要求寫(xiě)出“Sentence Outline”，如果”Topic Outline”或兩種混用，則降檔處理。

３．提供的答案僅供參考。如果考生的答案在層次劃分上與參考答案不一致，但條理清晰，合理，概括完整，應(yīng)按正確答案給分。

４．答題中的拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤可以每四個(gè)扣１分，但不重復(fù)扣分。

５．分值不得出現(xiàn)０.５分

第一檔：２０——１７分

概括準(zhǔn)確，內(nèi)容完整，語(yǔ)言通順，表達(dá)清楚。

第二檔：１６——１２分

概括較完整，個(gè)別要點(diǎn)有遺漏，語(yǔ)言基本通順，表達(dá)較清楚。

第三檔：１１——８分

概括不全面，要點(diǎn)遺漏較多，語(yǔ)言不通順，表達(dá)不清楚。

第四檔：７——０分

無(wú)法表達(dá)內(nèi)容和概括意思，幾乎沒(méi)有要點(diǎn)，語(yǔ)言不通順。

III．Compose an essay (６０分)

參考答案略

［評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)］

１．第三部分滿分６０分，按五個(gè)檔次給分。其中３６分為該部分的及格分，需要慎重把握。

２．寫(xiě)作的用詞量如果不符合要求，應(yīng)酌情減分。

３．作文中的拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤可以每四個(gè)扣1分，但不重復(fù)扣分。

４．分值不得出現(xiàn)０.５分

第一檔：６０——５５分

作文切題，內(nèi)容充實(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、完整，語(yǔ)言通順，表達(dá)清楚，用詞準(zhǔn)確，沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，很少有拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤。

第二檔：５４——４６分

　　作文切題，內(nèi)容充實(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、完整，語(yǔ)言通順，表達(dá)清楚，用詞基本得當(dāng)，有個(gè)別語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤。

第三檔：４５——３６分

　　作文基本切題，內(nèi)容較充實(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)較清晰、完整，語(yǔ)言較通順，表達(dá)較清楚，有些用詞不當(dāng)，但可以理解，有少數(shù)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤。

第四檔：３５——１８分

　　文不切題，內(nèi)容不充實(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)不清晰，語(yǔ)言不通順，表達(dá)不連貫，有較多語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤。

第五檔：１７——０分

文不切題，內(nèi)容空洞，結(jié)構(gòu)混亂，語(yǔ)言不通順，無(wú)法表達(dá)連貫意思。